Tasks#
All tasks and additional files can be downloaded from repository.
Warning
Starting from section “4. Data types in Python” there are automated tests for testing tasks. They help to check whether everything matches the task, and also give feedback on what does not correspond to the task. As a rule, after the first period of adaptation to tests, it becomes easier to do tasks with tests. Testing is done using the pyneng utility. Learn more about how to work with the pyneng utility.
Task 19.1#
Create a ping_ip_addresses function that checks if IP addresses are pingable. Checking IP addresses should be done concurrent in different threads.
Ping_ip_addresses function parameters:
ip_list - list of IP addresses
limit - maximum number of parallel threads (default 3)
The function must return a tuple with two lists:
list of available IP addresses
list of unavailable IP addresses
You can create any additional functions to complete the task. To check the availability of an IP address, use ping.
Note
A hint about working with concurrent.futures: If you need to ping several IP addresses in different threads, you need to create a function that will ping one IP address, and then run this function in different threads for different IP addresses using concurrent.futures (this last part must be done in the ping_ip_addresses function).
Task 19.2#
Create a send_show_command_to_devices function that sends the same show command to different devices in concurrent threads and then writes the output of the commands to a file. The output from the devices in the file can be in any order.
Function parameters:
devices - a list of dictionaries with parameters for connecting to devices
command - show command
filename - is the name of a text file to which the output of all commands will be written
limit - maximum number of concurrent threads (default 3)
The function returns None.
The output of the commands should be written to a plain text file in this format (before the output of the command, you must write the hostname and the command itself):
R1#sh ip int br
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
Ethernet0/0 192.168.100.1 YES NVRAM up up
Ethernet0/1 192.168.200.1 YES NVRAM up up
R2#sh ip int br
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
Ethernet0/0 192.168.100.2 YES NVRAM up up
Ethernet0/1 10.1.1.1 YES NVRAM administratively down down
R3#sh ip int br
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
Ethernet0/0 192.168.100.3 YES NVRAM up up
Ethernet0/1 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
You can create any additional functions to complete the task.
Check the operation of the function on devices from the devices.yaml file.
Task 19.3#
Create a send_command_to_devices function that sends different show commands to different devices in concurrent threads and then writes the output of the commands to a file. The output from the devices in the file can be in any order.
Function parameters:
devices - a list of dictionaries with parameters for connecting to devices
commands_dict - a dictionary that specifies which device to send which command. Dictionary example - commands
filename is the name of the file to which the output of all commands will be written
limit - maximum number of concurrent threads (default 3)
The function returns None.
The output of the commands should be written to a plain text file in this format (before the output of the command, you must write the hostname and the command itself):
R1#sh ip int br
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
Ethernet0/0 192.168.100.1 YES NVRAM up up
Ethernet0/1 192.168.200.1 YES NVRAM up up
R2#sh int desc
Interface Status Protocol Description
Et0/0 up up
Et0/1 up up
Et0/2 admin down down
Et0/3 admin down down
Lo9 up up
Lo19 up up
R3#sh run | s ^router ospf
router ospf 1
network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0
You can create any additional functions to complete the task.
Check the operation of the function on devices from the devices.yaml file.
# This dictionary is only needed to check the operation of the code;
# you can change the IP addresses in it.
# The test takes addresses from the devices.yaml file
commands = {
"192.168.100.3": "sh run | s ^router ospf",
"192.168.100.1": "sh ip int br",
"192.168.100.2": "sh int desc",
}
Task 19.3a#
Create a send_command_to_devices function that sends a list of the specified show commands to different devices in concurrent threads, and then writes the output of the commands to a file. The output from the devices in the file can be in any order.
Function parameters:
devices - a list of dictionaries with parameters for connecting to devices
commands_dict - a dictionary that specifies which device to send which commands. Dictionary example - commands
filename is the name of the file to which the output of all commands will be written
limit - maximum number of parallel threads (default 3)
The function returns None.
The output of the commands should be written to a plain text file in this format (before the output of the command, you must write the hostname and the command itself):
R2#sh arp
Protocol Address Age (min) Hardware Addr Type Interface
Internet 192.168.100.1 87 aabb.cc00.6500 ARPA Ethernet0/0
Internet 192.168.100.2 - aabb.cc00.6600 ARPA Ethernet0/0
R1#sh ip int br
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
Ethernet0/0 192.168.100.1 YES NVRAM up up
Ethernet0/1 192.168.200.1 YES NVRAM up up
R1#sh arp
Protocol Address Age (min) Hardware Addr Type Interface
Internet 10.30.0.1 - aabb.cc00.6530 ARPA Ethernet0/3.300
Internet 10.100.0.1 - aabb.cc00.6530 ARPA Ethernet0/3.100
R3#sh ip int br
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
Ethernet0/0 192.168.100.3 YES NVRAM up up
Ethernet0/1 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
R3#sh ip route | ex -
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 4 subnets, 2 masks
O 10.1.1.1/32 [110/11] via 192.168.100.1, 07:12:03, Ethernet0/0
O 10.30.0.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.100.1, 07:12:03, Ethernet0/0
Commands can be written to a file in any order. To complete the task, you can create any additional functions, as well as use the functions created in previous tasks.
Check the operation of the function on devices from the devices.yaml file and the commands dictionary
# This dictionary is only needed to check the operation of the code;
# you can change the IP addresses in it.
# The test takes addresses from the devices.yaml file
commands = {
"192.168.100.3": ["sh ip int br", "sh ip route | ex -"],
"192.168.100.1": ["sh ip int br", "sh int desc"],
"192.168.100.2": ["sh int desc"],
}
Task 19.4#
Create a send_commands_to_devices function that sends a show or config command to different devices in concurrent threads and then writes the output of the commands to a file.
Function parameters:
devices - a list of dictionaries with parameters for connecting to devices
filename is the name of the file to which the output of all commands will be written
show - the show command to be sent (by default, the value is None)
config - configuration mode commands to be sent (default None)
limit - maximum number of parallel threads (default 3)
The function returns None.
The show, config and limit arguments should only be passed as keyword arguments. Passing these arguments as positional should raise a TypeError exception.
In [4]: send_commands_to_devices(devices, 'result.txt', 'sh clock')
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-4-75adcfb4a005> in <module>
----> 1 send_commands_to_devices(devices, 'result.txt', 'sh clock')
TypeError: send_commands_to_devices() takes 2 positional argument but 3 were given
When calling the send_commands_to_devices function, only one of the show, config arguments should always be passed. If both arguments are passed, a ValueError exception should be raised.
The output of the commands should be written to a plain text file in this format (before the output of the command, you must write the hostname and the command itself):
R1#sh ip int br
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
Ethernet0/0 192.168.100.1 YES NVRAM up up
Ethernet0/1 192.168.200.1 YES NVRAM up up
R2#sh arp
Protocol Address Age (min) Hardware Addr Type Interface
Internet 192.168.100.1 76 aabb.cc00.6500 ARPA Ethernet0/0
Internet 192.168.100.2 - aabb.cc00.6600 ARPA Ethernet0/0
Internet 192.168.100.3 173 aabb.cc00.6700 ARPA Ethernet0/0
R3#sh ip int br
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
Ethernet0/0 192.168.100.3 YES NVRAM up up
Ethernet0/1 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
An example of a function call:
In [5]: send_commands_to_devices(devices, 'result.txt', show='sh clock')
In [6]: cat result.txt
R1#sh clock
*04:56:34.668 UTC Sat Mar 23 2019
R2#sh clock
*04:56:34.687 UTC Sat Mar 23 2019
R3#sh clock
*04:56:40.354 UTC Sat Mar 23 2019
In [11]: send_commands_to_devices(devices, 'result.txt', config='logging 10.5.5.5')
In [12]: cat result.txt
config term
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#logging 10.5.5.5
R1(config)#end
R1#
config term
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R2(config)#logging 10.5.5.5
R2(config)#end
R2#
config term
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R3(config)#logging 10.5.5.5
R3(config)#end
R3#
In [13]: commands = ['router ospf 55', 'network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0']
In [13]: send_commands_to_devices(devices, 'result.txt', config=commands)
In [14]: cat result.txt
config term
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#router ospf 55
R1(config-router)#network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#end
R1#
config term
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R2(config)#router ospf 55
R2(config-router)#network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#end
R2#
config term
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R3(config)#router ospf 55
R3(config-router)#network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0
R3(config-router)#end
R3#
You can create any additional functions to complete task.